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Resumo Objetivo Analisar os aspectos clínicos e os fatores associados ao comportamento suicida durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos Estudo transversal e analítico, realizado com registros assistenciais de 130 pacientes que buscaram atendimento em emergência psiquiátrica após ideação, planejamento ou tentativa de suicídio. Utilizou-se um formulário para caracterização sociodemográfica, clínica e terapêutica, assim como para identificação das necessidades de cuidados e dos fatores associados. A análise dos dados foi constituída pelos testes Exato de Fischer, Qui-quadrado de Pearson e pela Regressão de Poisson, considerando nível de significância de 5%. Resultados O comportamento suicida foi expresso pela tentativa de suicídio, ideação e planejamento, predominando no sexo feminino, em adultos jovens, desempregados e de baixa renda familiar, assim como em pacientes com histórico de transtorno mental, de internação psiquiátrica, de tentativas prévias e de abandono terapêutico. As principais alterações psíquicas envolveram ansiedade, depressão, sentimentos de desesperança, alucinações audiovisuais e delírios persecutórios. O consumo de substâncias psicoativas elevou em até 13,8 vezes o risco para tentativa de suicídio e as crises situacionais em 10,6 vezes a ideação. Ainda, a perda de renda e a internação anterior foram associados à manifestação do comportamento. As evidências de cuidados envolveram intervenções medicamentosas, medidas de vigilância e admissão hospitalar. Conclusão Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, o comportamento suicida foi associado à maior predisposição para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas, crises situacionais e perda de renda. Destaca-se a necessidade de políticas públicas voltadas para identificação, prevenção e gerenciamento adequado dos estados de risco.
Resumen Objetivo Analizar los aspectos clínicos y los factores asociados al comportamiento suicida durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Estudio transversal y analítico, realizado con registros asistenciales de 130 pacientes que buscaron atención en emergencia psiquiátrica después de ideación, planificación o intento de suicidio. Se utilizó un formulario para la caracterización sociodemográfica, clínica y terapéutica, como también para la identificación de las necesidades de cuidados y de los factores asociados. El análisis de los datos estuvo constituido por la prueba Exacta de Fisher, Ji cuadrado de Pearson y por la Regresión de Poisson, considerando un nivel de significancia del 5 %. Resultados El comportamiento suicida se expresó a través del intento de suicidio, ideación y planificación, con predominio del sexo femenino, adultos jóvenes, desempleados y con bajos ingresos familiares, así como pacientes con historial de trastorno mental, de internación psiquiátrica, de intentos previos y de abandono terapéutico. Las principales alteraciones psíquicas incluyeron ansiedad, depresión, sentimientos de desesperanza, alucinaciones audiovisuales y delirios de persecución. El consumo de substancias psicoactivas aumentó 13,8 veces el riesgo de intento de suicidio, y las crisis situacionales aumentaron 10,6 veces la ideación. Además, la pérdida de ingresos e internaciones anteriores se asociaron a la manifestación del comportamiento. Las evidencias de cuidados incluyeron intervenciones medicamentosas, medidas de vigilancia y admisión hospitalaria. Conclusión Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, el comportamiento suicida se asoció a un aumento de la predisposición al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, crisis situacionales y pérdida de ingresos. Se destaca la necesidad de políticas públicas orientadas hacia la identificación, prevención y una gestión adecuada de los estados de riesgo.
Abstract Objective To analyze the clinical aspects and factors associated with suicidal behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional analytical study performed with care records of 130 patients who sought care in the psychiatric emergency department after suicidal ideation, planning or attempt. A form was used for sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characterization, and for identification of care needs and associated factors. Data analysis consisted of Fischer's exact test, Pearson's chi-square test and Poisson's regression, considering a significance level of 5%. Results Suicidal behavior was expressed by suicide attempt, ideation and planning. It was predominant in the female sex, young adults, unemployed, with low family income, and in patients with a history of mental disorder, psychiatric hospitalization, previous attempts and of therapeutic abandonment. The main psychic alterations involved anxiety, depression, feelings of hopelessness, audiovisual hallucinations and persecutory delusions. The consumption of psychoactive substances increased by up to 13.8 times the risk for suicide attempt, while situational crises increased suicidal ideation by up to 10.6 times. The loss of income and previous hospitalization were associated with manifestation of the behavior. Evidence of care involved drug interventions, surveillance measures, and hospital admission. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, suicidal behavior was associated with a greater predisposition to consume psychoactive substances, situational crises and loss of income. The need for public policies aimed at the identification, prevention and adequate management of risk states stands out.
ABSTRACT
The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has released a study that showed suicide among adolescents, already on the increase before the March 2020 beginning of the pandemic in the United States, was contributed to by the adversity experienced before and during the pandemic.
ABSTRACT
The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has released a study that showed suicide among adolescents, already on the increase before the March 2020 beginning of the pandemic in the United States, was contributed to by the adversity experienced before and during the pandemic.
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BACKGROUND: There is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the psychological wellbeing of many populations, including increase of fear, anxiety, and uncertainty. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents specifically have experienced direct and indirect impacts on their mentally, resulting in severe depression, self-harm and suicide. This study aimed to identify factors influencing suicidal tendencies and the mental health status of multicultural adolescents in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 784 multicultural adolescents (Korean fathers and foreign mothers) who participated in the 16th national Korean Youth Risk Behaviour online survey. Research variables were measured using self-reported questionnaires for mental health and suicidal tendencies. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.0 program. RESULTS: The factors influencing suicidal tendencies (contemplating suicide, suicidal plans, and suicide attempts) were sexual intercourse experience (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 7.67, 5.04, 7.10), depressive mood (aOR 1.03, 0.98, 0.97, 0.90), and unhappiness (aOR 13.00, 7.28, 5.56). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the factors that affect suicidal tendencies showed sexual intercourse experience, depressive mood and unhappiness. Screening for suicidal tendencies and suicide prevention programs that consider the significant factors that affect suicidal tendencies should be developed for multicultural adolescents. School health professions and mental health counselors at schools need to emphasize the mental health and psychosocial support needs of senior high school students.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Suicide/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cultural Diversity , Female , Humans , Pandemics , Prevalence , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Suicidal IdeationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Suicide is a leading cause of death in children and youth, with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts (referred to as non-fatal suicidal behaviors (NFSB)) being among its strongest predictors. Positive parenting (e.g., warmth, responsiveness), negative parenting (e.g., control, hostility), and parent-child relationship quality (e.g., trust, communication) have been reported to be associated with differences in NFSB in this population. To date, no comprehensive systematic review has considered together the wide range of parenting factors studied in relation to NFSB, and no meta-analysis of existing findings has been conducted. The present study will critically appraise and synthesize the existing evidence from observational studies that examine the relationships between parenting factors and (i) suicidal ideation and (ii) suicide attempt in children and youth. METHODS: Studies will be retrieved from APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases. Retrospective, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies, conducted in clinical and population settings, among youth aged less than 25 years and published as articles and dissertations in English or French will be eligible. Two reviewers will select articles using the Covidence Software after title and abstract screening and full-text assessment, will extract information using double data entry, and will appraise studies' quality using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Any disagreements will be discussed with a third reviewer. Publication bias will be evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test. In addition to a narrative summary of results, meta-analyses will be conducted using results from at least three studies. Three-level random effect models will allow to derive pooled estimates from dependent effect sizes (from the same sample or study). In case of significant heterogeneity, moderation analyses will be performed considering participants' characteristics and methodological aspects of studies. The results will be reported according to the PRISMA guidelines, and the certainty of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach. DISCUSSION: In highlighting parenting factors associated with NFSB and in estimating the overall strength of these associations in children and youth, our results will inform further intervention and prevention strategies designed for young people experiencing NFSB and their families. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42020165345.
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Parenting , Suicidal Ideation , Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Meta-Analysis as Topic , Observational Studies as Topic , Retrospective Studies , Systematic Reviews as TopicABSTRACT
AIM: This study aimed to examine longitudinal changes on suicidal risk levels, adjusting for impulsivity-related traits, quarantine duration, main demographic factors, mental disorder history, and loneliness, in young Argentinean college students with (ideation; attempt) and without suicidal behavior history, during a quarantine of up to 103-day duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A longitudinal design with two-repeated measures was used (N = 1202). Follow-up was a month later from the first measurement. Three groups were analyzed: with suicidal ideation history, with suicide attempt history, and without suicidal behavior history. RESULTS: Percentages of college students with high or moderate suicidal risk were alarming (accumulated: 62.23% first measurement, 57.65% second measurement). Multilevel analysis on the three groups showed that suicidal risk diminished from the first measurement to the follow-up, having mental disorder history predicted higher suicidal risk, and negative urgency had the largest increasing effects on suicidal risk which persisted over time. CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal risk widely affects college students during lengthy quarantines of the COVID-19 pandemic and it should be tracked in those having pre-existing vulnerabilities, but also in those without. Education on managing negative emotions may help decrease suicide risk in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Quarantine , Humans , Impulsive Behavior , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Students , Suicidal IdeationABSTRACT
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic presents us with unusual challenges to the global health system and economics. The pandemic may not have an immediate impact on suicide rates, however, given that it is likely to result in a confluence of risk factors for suicide and economic crisis, it is highly possibly that it will lead to increases in suicide rates in the long-run. Elderly persons are more likely to live alone, be socially isolated during COVID-19 and have physical health problems, which are risk factors for suicide. Young children and health professionals may also be population at risk. Isolation, quarantine and the economic crisis that follows may impact mental health significantly. The International Academy of Suicide Research (IASR) is an organization dedicated to promote high standards of research and scholarship in the field of suicidal behaviour to support efforts to prevent suicide globally. This IASR's board position paper gives recommendations for suicide research during the COVID-10 pandemic. Clinical research has to be modified due to COVID-19 shutdown.